What types of dental implants are there?
10/17/2024

Dental implants are a popular solution for replacing missing teeth, and they come in several different types to cater to the specific needs of each patient. The two primary types of dental implants are endosteal and subperiosteal. These are classified based on how the implants are placed in the jawbone. Each type has distinct characteristics and is chosen depending on the patient's bone health, preference, and the recommendations of their dentist or oral surgeon.
Endosteal implants are the most commonly used type of dental implant. These implants are placed directly into the jawbone, where they act as artificial tooth roots. Typically made from titanium, endosteal implants have a screw-like shape that allows them to fuse securely with the bone in a process called osseointegration. This type of implant is ideal for patients who have enough healthy jawbone to support the implant and offers a high success rate due to its stability and durability.
Subperiosteal implants, on the other hand, are less commonly used but are a valuable option for patients who do not have sufficient bone density to support an endosteal implant. Instead of being placed inside the jawbone, subperiosteal implants rest on top of the bone but underneath the gum tissue. These implants consist of a metal framework with posts that extend through the gums to hold the dental prosthesis. They are often recommended for patients who cannot undergo bone grafting procedures or prefer a less invasive option.
In addition to endosteal and subperiosteal implants, there are also zygomatic implants, which are used in rare cases. Zygomatic implants are longer than traditional implants and are anchored in the cheekbone (zygoma) rather than the jawbone. This type of implant is typically used when a patient has severe bone loss in the upper jaw and cannot support other types of implants. Zygomatic implants provide a solution for patients with extreme bone resorption who still want the benefits of dental implants.
Another variation to consider is the type of implant placement. In some cases, immediate load dental implants, also known as "same-day implants," can be placed. These implants allow a temporary crown to be placed on the same day the implant is installed, offering instant functionality and aesthetics. This option is ideal for patients who meet specific criteria, such as having adequate bone strength and stability, making it a convenient solution for those who do not want to wait several months for healing before receiving a crown.
The choice of implant depends on individual needs, including the patient's oral health, bone density, and desired outcome. A consultation with a dental professional is essential to determine the best type of implant for each case. Whether it's a traditional endosteal implant, a subperiosteal implant for patients with bone loss, or more specialized options like zygomatic implants, modern dentistry offers a wide range of solutions to restore function and appearance to missing teeth.